Resources by UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)

Educational practices - teaching science

What is science? Science is a way of knowing, a method of learning about nature. Rooted in common sense, its formal, systematic method is called scientific inquiry. In doing scientific inquiry, scientists use a variety of empirical approaches, techniques, and procedures to collect data from nature, examine and...

Educational practices - understanding the development of intellect

In this booklet the authors outline how the sciences of the learning view intelligence and suggest a programme for instruction that may build upon its various processes.

To understand human intelligence, psychological and cognitive sciences try to specify what cognitive processes are involved in dealing with...

Educational practices -emotions and learning

In this booklet, Reinhard Pekrun draw upon empirical evidence to address the emotions experienced by students at school. He discusses the nature and diversity of these emotions, their function on student’s learning, their individual antecedents, ways to regulate these emotions, and the influence on teachers,...

Educational practices -guiding principles for learning in the 21st Century

The purpose of this booklet is to offer guiding principles about learning in the twenty-first century. It is intended for teachers, curriculum designers, school leaders, and others involved in all levels of school education and can be used for any age group, as the principles it contains are general enough to be...

Educational practices -how children learn

The psychological principles described in this booklet summarize some of the important results of recent research on learning that is relevant for education. They attempt to integrate research coming from diverse areas of psychology, including educational, developmental, cognitive, social and clinical psychology....

Educational practices -professional learning and development

This booklet looks at the research and evidence around effective CPD for teachers.   The focus is on the interrelated conditions for professional learning...

Educational practices -teaching speaking listening and writing

This booklet draws on educational research and extensive experience with classroom practices to explain important principles for increasing literacy.

Writing, speaking and listening are communication skills that are important in all subject areas in the curriculum. Hence, literacy should have a central...

Educational practices -tutoring

This booklet is about tutoring. Tutoring can be defined as people who are not professional teachers helping and supporting the learning of others in an interactive, purposeful and systematic way.  

Research shows tutoring can be highly effective. This is good news, since in some places in some countries...

Educational practices- nurturing creative thinking

This booklet, draws on research and experience to presents eight key principles of creative thinking that are interlinked and interrelated and equally important for nurturing creativity in the educational context.

Creative thinking is defined as the thinking that enables students to apply their...